Many people overlook subtle shifts in their fingernails or toenails, assuming they are harmless. Dermatologists from the American Academy of Dermatology stress that alterations in color, texture, or shape can sometimes point to underlying health conditions. While some changes occur naturally, others serve as important warning signs that deserve medical attention. The experts recommend seeing a certified dermatologist if certain unusual features appear.
White nails stand out as one concerning change. The American Academy of Dermatology notes that entirely white nails may link to liver problems, especially in advanced stages like cirrhosis, or to diabetes. This appearance can also develop naturally with age. Regardless, the organization advises getting it checked to rule out serious issues.
Another pattern involves nails that appear half pink and half white. Dermatologists describe this as a white band across the upper part of the nail with a normal reddish-brown tone below. This specific look often connects to kidney disease. Patients noticing this division should consult a healthcare provider promptly.
Yellow nails raise different red flags. The American Academy of Dermatology associates yellowing with potential lung disease or issues in the circulatory and lymphatic systems. The Cleveland Clinic explains that when these systems malfunction, fluid builds up in tissues and can discolor the nails. Fungal infections or long-term smoking also commonly cause yellow tones.
Dark red half-moons at the base of the nail merit attention too. Normally pale or white, these crescents can turn deep red in certain conditions. The American Academy of Dermatology links this change to possibilities such as lupus, heart disease, alopecia areata, arthritis, or dermatomyositis. Any noticeable shift in the color of these areas warrants a discussion with a doctor.
A dark stripe running lengthwise under the nail represents one of the most urgent warnings. The American Academy of Dermatology cautions that a new or widening dark line could indicate melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin cancer. “That dark stripe could be melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer,” the experts state clearly. The NHS in the United Kingdom echoes this advice, recommending a visit to a general practitioner for any unexplained dark area not caused by injury.
Additional color changes round out the list of potential signals. Blue-tinted nails may suggest low oxygen levels in the blood. Pale nails frequently tie to anemia. Blue half-moons, in particular, can hint at possible poisoning.
The American Academy of Dermatology underscores a straightforward message for anyone spotting these signs. “Have you noticed a change in a nail? A change in color, texture, or shape can be harmless, but it can also be a sign of disease,” they explain. They add that recognizing these patterns early and seeking professional evaluation remains key. Ignoring them risks missing treatable conditions at their most manageable stage.
Nails consist primarily of layered keratin cells produced by the nail matrix beneath the cuticle. They grow continuously at an average rate of about 0.1 inches per month for fingernails and slower for toenails. Because nails receive nutrients through the bloodstream, systemic illnesses often manifest there before other symptoms become obvious. Regular self-examination of hands and feet, along with proper hygiene, helps many people catch potential problems sooner.
Share your own observations about unusual nail changes or related health experiences in the comments.
